아름다운 전진

우리가 작년에 그 아파트를 구입했었더라면 얼마나 좋을까.

Some students make the mistake of thinking that mathematics consists solely of solving problems by means of formulas and rules. ①To become successful problem solvers, however, they have to appreciate the theory, recognizing the logical structure and reasoning behind the mathematical methods. ②To do so requires a precision of understanding the exact meaning of a mathematical statement and of expressing thoughts with accuracy and clarity. ③However, this precision cannot be achieved without real appreciation of the subtleties of language. ④In fact, anyone can advance much beyond mere problem solving tasks without manipulating mathematical formulas and rules. That is, superior ability in the use of language is a prerequisite to become successful problem solvers.

An old woman came into her doctor's office and confessed to an embarrassing problem. "I fart all the time, Doctor Johnson, but they're soundless, and they have no odor. In fact, since I've been here, I've farted no less than twenty times. What can I do?" "Here's a prescription, Mrs. Harris. Take these pills three times a day for seven days and come back and see me in a week." Next week in upset Mrs. Harris marched into Dr. Johnson's office. "Doctor, I don't know what was in those pills, but the problem is worse! I'm farting just as much, but now they smell terrible! What do you have to say for yourself?" "Calm down, Mrs. Harris," said the doctor soothingly. "Now that we've fixed your sinuses, we'll work on your other sense!"

The sales talk of the old-fashioned businessman was essentially rational. He knew his merchandise, he knew the needs of the customer, and on the basis of this knowledge he tried to sell. To be sure his sales talk was not entirely objective and he used persuasion as much as he could; yet, in order to be efficient, it had to be a rather rational and sensible kind of talk. A vast sector of modern advertising is different; it does not appeal to reason but to emotion; like any other kind of hypnoid suggestion, it tries to impress its customers emotionally and then make them submit intellectually. This type of advertising impresses the customers by all sorts of means such as the repetition of the same formula again and again. All these methods are essentially irrational; they have nothing to do with the qualities of the merchandise, and they suppress and kill the critical capacities of the customers.

Many of the greatest economic evils of our time are the fruits of risk, uncertainty, and ignorance. It is because particular individuals, fortunate in situation or in abilities, are able to take advantage of uncertainty and ignorance, and also because for the same reason big business is often a lottery, that great inequalities of wealth come about. And these same factors are also the cause of the unemployment of labor, or the disappointment of reasonable business expectations, and of the impairment of efficiency and production. Yet the cure lies outside of the operations of individuals. I believe that the cure for these things is partly to be sought in the deliberate control of the currency and of credit by a central institution, and partly in the collection and dissemination of data relating to the business situation including the full publicity, by law if necessary, of all business facts which it is useful to know. Even if these measures prove insufficient, they will furnish us with better knowledge than we have now for taking the next step.

Sarah frequently hurts others when she criticizes their work because she is so outspoken.

Mary and I have been friends over 10 years but I sometimes have a strange feeling to her. She is as deep as a well.

Quite often, the simple life feels out of reach because of all the problems and challenges that crop up.

The executives should estimate their debt-to-income ratios to see whether they run the risk of becoming .

I ①looked forward to this visit more than one ②would think, ③considered I was flying seven hundred miles to sit alongside a ④dying man. But I seemed to slip into a time warp when I visited Morrie, and I liked myself better when I was there.

New York's Christmas is featured in many movies ①while this time of year, ②which means that this holiday is the most romantic and special in the Big Apple. ③The colder it gets, the brighter the city becomes ④with colorful lights and decorations.

One custom that is common at weddings in the United States is throwing rice at the bride and groom as they leave the place where the wedding ceremony has just been held. No one knows exactly why people throw rice. One explanation is that the rice assures that the couple will have many children. If this is true, then the custom is not always a good one now because .

"There is a huge drive to deep right," the announcer cries. His voice shrills with excitement, "It's high, it's far, it's going, going ..., gone." As the batter triumphantly circles the bases, the crowd cheers politely. However, their suspicion is nearly as audible as their pleasure. Where did the muscles come from? Was the homer legitimate? Should it count in this particular game? And what about the sport's records? Due to the widespread use in sports of anabolic steroids, the lords of the game must accept that the very integrity of the game is . These steroids were developed originally to help cancer patients. They promote weight gain and increase muscle mass. In recent years, athletes have taken them hoping to improve their performance on the playing field. The problem with this is two-fold. First, steroid use gives one group of athletes an unfair advantage. Second, steroid users incur a great risk of psychological and physical side effects.

A:You know, I'm getting transferred to Seoul.

B:Seoul? Is that good or bad?

A:Oh, I was hoping for it.

B:.

A:It doesn't make sense. Why should the power go off all of a sudden and the phone line?

B:Maybe some kind of an electrical storm or something.

A: Sky's just as blue as anything. Not a cloud. No lightening. No thunder. Nothing. How could it be a storm?

In the late 20th century, the northern hemisphere experienced its most widespread warmth for 1,200 years, according to the journal Science. The findings support evidence pointing to unprecedented recent warming of the climate linked to greenhouse emissions. University of East Anglia(UEA) researchers measured changes in fossil shells, tree rings, ice cores and other past temperature records. They also looked at people's diaries from the last 750 years. Timothy Osborn and Keith Briffa of UEA analysed instrument measurements of temperatures from 1856 onwards to establish the geographic extent of recent warming. Then, they compared this data with evidence dating back as far as AD 800. The analysis confirmed periods of significant warmth in the northern hemisphere from AD 890 to 1170 (the so-called "Medieval Warm Period") and for much colder periods from AD 1580 to 1850 (the "Little Ice Age").

Ice wines are becoming increasingly popular across North America. While ice wines have always been fashionable in Western Europe, they were hard to find in North America and often ridiculously expensive. Ice wines are more expensive than other types of wine on account of the temperature requirements to make them. The grapes must be left on the vines until the first frost, after which they are harvested. If the first frost comes too late, the grapes will turn rotten, and the harvest will be lost. Add to that the cost of shipping the wines, and they become rather expensive. However, good quality North American ice wines, produced in California and British Columbia, have recently come onto the market, making ice wines more affordable.

The umbrella is so old that no one knows where it came from－it was invented before man learned how to write. But for thousands of years, the umbrella was used only for protection from the sun, rather than from the rain. The word 'umbrella', in fact, comes from the Latin word 'umbra', which means 'shade', and ancient slaves held umbrellas over their masters to give them shade. At the beginning, umbrellas were carried only by women, for they weren't considered 'manly' enough to be used by men. It wasn't until about 300 years ago that people began to use waterproof umbrellas in the rain.

Euthanasia generally refers to mercy killing, the voluntary ending of the life of someone who is terminally or hopelessly ill. Euthanasia has become a legal, medical and ethical issue over which opinion is divided. Euthanasia can be either active or passive. Active euthanasia means that a physician or other medical personnel takes a deliberate action that will induce death. Passive euthanasia means letting a patient die for lack of treatment or suspending treatment that has begun. A good deal of the controversy about mercy killing stems from the decision-making process. Who decides if a patient is to die? This issue had not been established legally in the United States. The matter is left to state law, which usually allows the physician in charge to suggest the option of death to a patient's relatives, especially if the patient is brain-dead.

The article suggests that euthanasia should be .

One bacterium that survives keeps replicating because it is not to the drug treatment.

The function of the historian is neither to love the past nor to emancipate himself from the past, but to master and understand it as the key to the understanding of the present.

A:Why do you have to be so stubborn?

B:I don't know. That's just the way I am.

I guess I'm just a chip off the old block.

In the mid 1990s, it was estimated that 9 million

① ②

Americans were planning a summer vacation alone.

③ Since then, the number of solo travelers have increased.

④

A:Would you like to get some coffee?

B:That's a good idea.

A:Should we buy Americano or Cafe-Latte?

B:It doesn't matter to me.

A:I think I'll get Americano.

B:Sounds great to me.

A:

B:Today is Monday, so you can have it until next Monday.

A:Can I have the book for a few more days?

B:No. Books borrowed should be returned within one week.

A:Is there any way to keep this book for around 10 days?

B:Well, I'm afraid there isn't. You'll just have to renew the book for another week.

A:Are you ready to go to the party, Amy?

B:I don't know whether I can go. I'm feeling a little sick, and my dress is really not that nice. Maybe you should just go without me.

A:Come on, Amy. Stop . I know you too well. You're not sick. What is the real root of the problem?

Illegible handwriting does not indicate weakness of character, as even a quick glance at the penmanship of George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, or John F. Kennedy reveals.

For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. If it occurred to the Greeks to distinguish between a person's “inside” and “outside,” they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite _______________ that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive―and so ugly.

We should behave towards our country as women behave towards the men they love. A loving wife will do anything for her husband except to stop criticizing and trying to improve him. That is the right attitude for a citizen. We should cast the same affectionate but sharp glance at our country. We should love it, but also insist upon telling it all its faults. The dangerous man is not the (A)___________, but the noisy empty (B)___________ who encourages us to indulge in orgies of self-congratulation.

Thank you for inviting me to speak to you today. I'd like to take this opportunity to tell you about our Silver Service activities and why we believe it is important for everyone to be involved in helping the elderly in our community. Did you know that one in every six people over the age of 60 in this community needs some kind of help in his or her home? Those of us who have experience in this kind of work know that our small “investments” in time and effort are nothing compared to the kind of satisfaction and fulfillment we get in return.

The speech is delivered by a ____________.

Fortunately, psychologists believe that books can serve as therapeutic tools―or at least as effective adjuncts to professional therapy―to help children come to terms with their parents' divorce. According to educator-counselor Joanne Bernstein, stories that confront life's problems with candor and credibility may provide insights, promote self-examination, and lead to changes in attitude and behavior. One way stories accomplish this is through identification. Reading about the grief and anxiety of others, she explains, can arouse sudden awareness as problems that have not been consciously or completely recognized are allowed to surface. Introduced to characters who share their difficulties, children may feel less alienated and thus freer to discuss and resolve their own plight.

International Import Company

100 East Houston St.

New York, NY 10053

U. S. A.

Farmers Fruit Ltd.

Aghia Paraskevi 19081

Athens, Greece

Dear Sirs,

In reply to your letter dated May 3rd, we thank you for allowing us a special discount. This makes it possible for us to place an order and to expect quite good sales.

We have pleasure of enclosing our Order No. 813/BS, and would ask you to return the duplicate to us, duly signed, as an acknowledgement.

Yours faithfully,

Paul Hogan

Enc. Order No. 813/BS

Various fogs are essentially clouds that form at the earth's surface, produced by temperature differences and moisture in the air. As warm, moisture-laden air cools, the amount of moisture that air can contain decreases. Warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air. So if the air is cooled sufficiently it will reach the dew point, at which the moisture begins to gather together out of the air and form water drops, creating fog.

Job-related stress can lead to symptoms of poor physical health such as weight gain, fatigue and illness. Both diet and exercise can contribute to the alleviation of these negative effects of stress. The first step is to eliminate junk food from the diet. Instead of soda or a candy bar, try a piece of fresh fruit. The next step is to make a habit of exercising every day. And you should aim for twenty to thirty minutes of exercise a day. The key is to find a form of exercise that you enjoy. That way, you are more likely to do it every day and will receive the maximum benefit. Both diet and exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight, keep you feeling energized, and protect you from sickness. Then you will be better equipped to deal with the sources of stress at your job.

Dogs have long had special standing in the medical world. Trained to see for the blind, hear for the deaf and move for the immobilized, dogs have become indispensable companions for people with disabilities. However, dogs appear to be far more than four-legged health care workers. One Japanese study found pet owners made 30 percent fewer visits to doctors. A Melbourne study of 6,000 people showed that owners of dogs and other pets had lower cholesterol, blood pressure and heart attack risk compared with people who didn’t have pets. Obviously, the better health of pet owners could be explained by a variety of factors, but many experts believe companion animals improve health at least in part by lowering stress.

More and more people are turning away from their doctors and, instead, going to individuals who have no medical training and who sell unproven treatments. They go to quacks to get everything from treatments for colds to cures for cancer. And they are putting themselves in dangerous situations. Many people don't realize how unsafe it is to use unproven treatments. First of all, the treatments usually don't work. They may be harmless, but, if someone uses these products instead of proven treatments, he or she may be harmed. Why? Because during the time the person is using the product, his or her illness may be getting worse. This can even cause the person to die.

사람의 키는 자신의 가운데 손가락 길이의 약 20배 정도 된다고 한다.

A: Have you been served?

B:

There are two excellent television programs scheduled tonight, but I can see only one of them because they are .

Icelanders are individualists like Americans. The difference seems to be in a sense of community. Iceland, known as the land of “fire and ice,” is about living with opposing forces. It is one of the most active volcanic countries on earth, but has 4,536 square miles of _______ ― heat and cold, co-existing. No surprise then that its society can reconcile another set of opposing forces: individualism and the needs of the community.

In retrospect, I was taken in by the real estate agent who had a fancy manner of talking.

The substantial rise in the number of working mothers, whose costs for childcare were not factored into the administration’s policymaking, was one of the main reasons that led to the unexpected result at the polls.

Younger students ① who participated in the survey ② sponsored by a weekly magazine turned out ③ to be less concerned about the serious problems of homeless people ④ as the older students were.

When Jesse and Rachel got married, they knew they wanted to live in a traditional nuclear family ― mother, father, and biological children. Each of them had come from other family arrangements, and they had decided that a more traditional arrangement was what they wanted. Rachel had been born out of wedlock. Because her parents had never married, she had never met her biological father. Jesse’s mother had been widowed. His father’s early death made Jesse want to have a large family.

Broom jumping is most famous in the United States as an African-American wedding custom. The broom holds spiritual significance for many African people, representing the beginning of homemaking for a couple. The ritual itself in America was created during slavery. Because slaves could not legally marry, they created their own ways to honor their unions. Broom jumping is a ritual in which the bride and the groom, either at the ceremony or at the reception, signify their entrance into a new life and their creation of a new family by symbolically sweeping away of their former single lives, and jumping over the broom to enter upon a new adventure as wife and husband.

Upstate New York florist Patricia Woysher has been in the business for forty years. She’s sold flowers to tens of thousands of folks in the area and even received one of the best assignments a florist could hope for, decorating the White House for the Christmas season. “I had to take a deep breath. I mean, you see pictures of the place all your life, then one day you’re in the Oval Office.” Despite the excitement, Patricia’s focus remained on her day-to-day concerns. “Doing the White House was exciting and rewarding, but my job is to run my business. I want to have something here that will last forever, that I can pass on to my children.”

It is a great nuisance that knowledge cannot be acquired without trouble. It can only be acquired by hard work. It would be fine if we could swallow the powder of profitable information made palatable by the jam of fiction. But the truth is that, so made palatable, we cannot be sure that the powder will be profitable. I suggest to you that the knowledge the novelist imparts is ( ㉠ ) and thus ( ㉡ ) and it is better not to know a thing at all than to know it in a distorted fashion. If readers wish to inform themselves of the pressing problems of the day, they will do better to read, not novels but the books that specifically deal with them. I suggest to you that it is enough for a novelist to be a good novelist. It is unnecessary for him to be a prophet, a politician or a leader of thought. Fiction is an art and the purpose of art is to please.

Two men were dining together in a restaurant. The first man ordered the food. The second man, who was unaccustomed to eating out, said nothing. When the food arrived, the second man _______ everything his friend did. When the first man took rice, so did the second. The first man ate a shrimp, and so did the second man. Finally, the first man took a toothpick, and his friend did the same. Later the first man asked his friend how he had enjoyed the meal. The second man answered, “Everything was perfect, except for the last bit. It tasted like bamboo.”

A Western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you to hit it back. If you agree with me, I don’t expect you simply to agree and do nothing more. I expect you to add something ― a reason for agreeing, another example, or an elaboration to carry the idea further. But I don’t expect you always to agree. I am just as happy if you question me, or challenge me, or completely disagree with me. Whether you agree or disagree, _______.

A cause always has an effect, and an effect has a cause. Often, however, in searching for the cause or effect of an act, we jump to conclusions. If John Wilkins, who is big and strong, doesn’t go out for the football team, some pupils say, “Wilkins has no courage.” Perhaps the real reason is that his parents object, he is behind in his school work and can’t afford the time, or he believes that football is not worth playing.

The saying for which I had to find the meaning was: “People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.”

(A)My first guess was that it was about a situation in which those who want to fight should first think about defending themselves from attack. Obviously, a person whose house is made of glass, which is easily broken, should be careful. If you throw a stone, the person at whom you threw the stone could throw it back and smash your house.

(B)I think this is good advice for anyone who is critical of other people.

(C)However, this saying, whose meaning I looked up in a dictionary of English idioms is not really about fighting. It means that you should not criticize others for faults similar to those you have.

Such variation, however, was common then with the spelling of many words, not just names.

William Shakespeare is rightly regarded as one of the world’s great writers; yet it would seem that he couldn’t spell his own name! ( ㉠ ) Samples of his signature that have survived show his name spelled in several different ways. ( ㉡ ) Not until the eighteenth century when dictionaries came into use was a single spelling for each word accepted as correct. ( ㉢ ) A few words, however, escaped being standardized in this way; ‘instill’ (which can also be spelled ‘instil’) is one of them. ( ㉣ ) When a dictionary gives two different spellings of a word, the one given first is preferred.

The term home schooling or home tuition, as it is called in England, means educating children at home or in places other than a mainstream setting such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents are dissatisfied with the quality of education in the public schools. Others do not want their children to have to worry about “peer pressure,” or social pressure from friends. They say it may interfere with the child’s studies. These parents fear this type of pressure will lead to negative behavior such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking drugs.

A: Did we finish packing all the orders?

B: No, we still have to do about ten more.

A: I'm tired of packing this stuff.

B: Maybe we could finish it later.

A: Sure, we could do it tomorrow morning.

B: O.K.

A:I looked for a parking place over and over again. I couldn't find one anywhere.

B: So what did you do?

A: I had no choice but to park in a loading zone.

B:

Air temperatures of over 130 degrees in summer are common in this desolate island.

He collaborated with his son on the English translation of a text on food production.

At my last school, they called me names because I was so slow.

All is a continuous supply of food and water.

Reviews on caffeine and conception . One study of 2,817 women found no effect of caffeine on their chances of conceiving, while another of 1,909 women linked more than 300 milligrams of caffeine daily to a delay in conception.

우리 비행기는 예정보다 10분 늦게 도착했다.

미국 우주비행사들을 대상으로 실험한 결과 강하고 튼튼한 뼈를 유지하기 위해서는 신체활동이 매우 중요하다는 것이 입증되었다.

In Rome, Italy, a store burglary suspect, when ①caught in a store after closing hours, ②explained the police that he suffered from a desire to sleep constantly and had fallen asleep inside the store. ③To prove his point, he ④kept falling asleep during police questioning.

Although industrial countries have made great advances in health care, today their health care systems are experiencing some serious problems.

가. In the United States, for example, nearly $2 billion is spent every day for health care, and this amount is increasing at an annual rate of 12 percent.

나. As a result of these increasing costs, access to good health care is being reduced rather than expanded.

다.By far the most urgent of these problems is financial: medical costs are rising faster than prices in most other areas of the economy.

Suddenly finding yourself in a strange country can be rather frightening. You lose all of the props that generally support you, and all of the familiar cues that provide information about what to do. Without familiar props and cues to orient you in unfamiliar situations, it becomes difficult to ____________ life in a new setting. Everything can seem different. You don't even know how much to tip a cab driver or a waiter in a restaurant. In this situation, you can lose a sense of logic, developing irrational fear of the local people.

People who are happy don't get everything they want, but they want most of what they can get. In other words, they rig the game in their favor by choosing to value things that are within their grasp. People who find themselves dissatisfied in life often set unreachable goals for themselves, setting themselves up to fail. Yet people who set high goals for themselves and try to reach them are no happier than people who set and reach more modest goals.

In the field of intercultural communication, I learned that the position of the bodies of people in conversation varies with the culture. It used to puzzle me that a special Arab friend seemed unable to walk and talk at the same time. After years in the US, he could not bring himself to stroll along, facing forward while talking. Our progress would be arrested while he edged ahead, cutting slightly in front of me and turning sideways so we could see each other. Once in this position, he would stop. His behavior was explained when I learned that for the Arabs to view the other person ____________ is regarded as impolite.

According to some experts, we are leaving our children and grandchildren a frightening inheritance: an increased accumulation of so-called greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the potentially disastrous climate changes that this increase may bring about. However, the scientific community . Other scientists claim that the evidence for global warming is inconclusive and argue that predictions based on it are questionable. The scientific debate has been intense. It has also fueled a political controversy about what measures, if any, should be taken to address the possible problem of climate changes.

"They say best men are molded out of faults," wrote Shakespeare in Measure for Measure, "and, for the most, become much more the better for being a little bad." Thus, each goof-up can be seen as a prime opportunity for self-improvement. Indeed, the bigger the blooper, the better its chance of helping you become a better person ―if you know how to make amends.

Among the many physical risks facing astronauts sent to the Moon or Mars, the biggest danger will be the least visible: radiation. This is nuclear particles that arrive at almost light speed from beyond the Solar System. The particles slice through strands of DNA, boosting the risk of cancer and other ailments. A 2001 NASA study found that at least 39 former astronauts suffered cataracts after flying in space, 36 of whom took part in high-radiation missions such as the Apollo landings.

Humans have always been fascinated by dreams. The vivid dreams people remember and talk about are REM dreams―the type that occurs almost continuously during periods of rapid eye movement(REM) during sleep. But people also have NREM dreams―dreams that occur during periods without rapid eye movement―although they are typically less frequent and less memorable than REM dreams. REM dreams have a story-like or dream-like quality and are more visual, vivid, and emotional than NREM dreams. Interestingly, blind people who lose their sight before age five usually do not have visual dreams, but they have vivid dreams involving the other senses. A popular belief about dreams is that an entire dream takes place in an instant, but in fact, it is not true. Sleep researchers have discovered that it takes about as long to dream a dream as it would to experience the same thing in real life.

Everyone worries at one time or another. It is a part of our every day lives. We worry about deadlines, about financial problems, and about our relationships with others. Surprisingly, the fact is that worrying is not always a bad thing. Some amount of worry is necessary because it gives us time to concentrate on a problem and find possible solutions or ways to deal with it. Some worry is stimulating. It can propel you to do better work or to complete work on time. In other cases, however, our worries can interfere with our problem-solving abilities. We worry so much that it stops us from taking the steps needed to solve the problem. If it continues, worrying can take away our energy and lead to physical problems such as fatigue, headaches, muscle pain, and insomnia.

ㄱ.가석방과 그 취소에 관한 사항을 심사한다.

ㄴ.보호관찰의 정지와 그 취소에 관한 사항을 심사한다.

ㄷ.심사위원회의 위원은 고위공무원단에 속하는 별정직 국가공무원 또는 3급상당의 별정직 국가공무원으로 한다.

ㄹ.심사위원회는 위원장을 포함하여 5명 이상 9명 이하의 위원으로 구성한다.

ㅁ.심사위원회는 심사에 필요하다고 인정하면 국공립기관이나 그 밖의 단체에 사실을 알아보거나 관계인의 출석 및 증언과 관계 자료의 제출을 요청할 수 있다.

ㄱ.교도작업제품의 전시 및 판매를 위하여 필요한 시설을 설치․운영하거나 전자상거래로 교도작업제품을 판매할 수 있다.

ㄴ.법무부장관은 교도작업으로 생산되는 제품의 종류와 수량을 회계연도 개시 2개월 전까지 공고하여야 한다.

ㄷ.법무부장관은 민간기업이 참여할 교도작업의 내용을 해당기업체와 계약으로 정한다.

ㄹ.특별회계는 교도소장이 운용 관리하며, 법무부장관의 감독을 받는다.

ㅁ.특별회계의 결산상 잉여금은 다음 연도의 세입에 이입한다.

ㄱ.형벌 법령에 저촉되는 행위를 한 12세 소년이 있을 때에 경찰서장은 직접 관할 소년부에 소년을 송치하여야 한다.

ㄴ.법으로 정한 사유가 있고 소년의 성격이나 환경에 비추어 향후 형벌 법령에 저촉되는 행위를 할 우려가 있더라도 10세 우범소년은 소년부에 송치할 수 없다.

ㄷ.｢소년법｣상 14세의 촉법소년은 소년부 보호사건의 대상이 되고, 정당한 이유없이 가출하는 9세 소년은 소년부 보호사건의 대상에서 제외된다.

ㄹ.죄를 범한 소년을 발견한 보호자 또는 학교․사회복리시설․보호관찰소(보호관찰지소 포함)의 장은 이를 관할 소년부에 통고할 수 있다.

ㄱ.일반경비처우급 수형자에게는 월 5회 접견을 허용한다.

ㄴ.수용자에게 지급하는 음식물의 총열량은 1명당 1일 2,500 킬로칼로리를 기준으로 한다.

ㄷ.소장은 전화통화를 신청한 수용자가 범죄의 증거를 인멸할 우려가 있을 때, 전화통화를 허가하지 않을 수 있다.

ㄹ.외부통근은 개방처우급 수형자에 대해서만 허가한다.

ㅁ.의류․침구류 및 신발류는 자비로 구매할 수 없다.

ㅂ.직계비속이 해외유학을 위하여 출국하게 된 때에는 귀휴를 허가할 수 없다.

ㅅ.소장은 교정시설의 안전과 질서를 해치지 아니하는 범위에서 종교단체 또는 종교인이 주재하는 종교행사를 실시한다.

ㄱ.직영작업은 수형자의 적성에 적합하도록 작업을 부과할 수 있다.

ㄴ.위탁작업은 업종이 다양하여 직업훈련에 적합하다.

ㄷ.노무작업은 사인의 간섭과 외부 부정의 개입 가능성이 없다.

ㄹ.도급작업은 대부분 구외방식이므로 계호상의 어려움이 있다.

ㄱ.보호관찰 ㅂ.갱생보호

ㄴ.외부통근 ㅅ.부부 및 가족접견

ㄷ.귀휴 ㅇ.가석방

ㄹ.사회봉사명령, 수강명령 ㅈ.개방교도소

ㅁ.주말구금 ㅊ.전자감시부 가택구금

○성년인 甲은 15년의 유기징역을 선고받고 6년을 경과하였고, 병과하여 받은 벌금의 3분의 2를 납입하였다.

○성년인 乙은 무기징역을 선고받고, 16년을 경과하였다.

○현재 18세 소년인 丙은 15년 유기징역을 선고받고, 3년을 경과하였다.

○현재 18세 소년인 丁은 장기 9년, 단기 3년의 부정기형을 선고받고, 2년을 경과하였다.

○회복적 사법의 핵심가치는 피해자, 가해자 욕구뿐만 아니라 지역사회 욕구까지 반영하는 것이다.

○범죄를 개인 대 국가의 갈등으로 인식한다.

○회복적 사법은 범죄가 발생하는 여건․환경에 관심을 둔다.

○회복적 사법은 범죄로 인한 손해의 복구를 위해 중재, 협상, 화합의 방법을 강조한다.

○회복적 사법은 범죄자의 교화개선이라는 교정의 이념을 실현시키기 위해 등장했으며 피해자 권리운동의 발전과는 관련이 없다.

ㄱ.엄정독거제의 결함을 보완할 수 있다.

ㄴ.수형자를 개별 특성에 따라 소수의 카티지로 분류수용한다.

ㄷ.주간에는 혼거작업, 야간에는 독거수용을 원칙으로 한다.

ㄹ.침묵제 또는 교담금지제라고도 부른다.

ㅁ.퀘이커교도에 의한 미국 감옥개량운동의 결실이다.

ㅂ.단기간의 강도 높은 구금 후 사회내처우를 한다.

○도주방지를 위한 통상적인 설비의 전부 또는 일부를 갖추지 아니하고 수형자의 자율적 활동이 가능하도록 통상적인 관리ㆍ감시의 전부 또는 일부를 하지 아니하는 교정시설을 ( ㉠ )이라고 하며,

○도주방지를 위한 통상적인 설비를 갖추고 수형자에 대하여 통상적인 관리ㆍ감시를 하는 교정시설을 ( ㉡ )이라고 한다.

○수갑 ○머리보호장비 ○발목보호장비

○보호대 ○교도봉 ○보호의자

○보호침대 ○안면보호구 ○포승

○손목보호장비 ○보호복 ○휴대식 금속탐지기

○성폭력범죄 뿐만 아니라 미성년자 대상 유괴범죄에 대하여도 전자장치를 부착할 수 있다.

○형 집행의 종료 후에 부착명령을 집행하도록 한다면 일사부재리의 원칙에 반한다.

○성폭력범죄를 2회 이상 범하여 그 습벽이 인정되고, 재범의 위험성이 있다고 판단되는 경우 검사는 부착명령을 법원에 청구할 수 있다.

○교도소장 등은 가석방 예정자가 석방되기 5일 전까지 그의 주거지를 관할하는 경찰서장에게 그 사실을 통보하여야 한다.

○법원은 부착명령 청구가 이유 있다고 인정하는 때에는 5년의 범위 내에서 부착기간을 정하여 판결로 부착명령을 선고하여야 한다.

○피부착자가 정당한 사유 없이 전자장치를 해제하거나 손상한 때에는 2년 이상의 유기징역에 처한다.

○전자감시제도는 성폭력범죄자의 재범방지와 성행교정을 통한 재사회화를 위한 일종의 보안처분이다.

ㄱ.감옥개량운동의 선구자로 감옥개혁을 주장하였다.

ㄴ.범죄와 형벌 사이에는 비례성이 있어야 한다.

ㄷ.감옥은 단순한 징벌장소가 아닌 개선장소가 되어야 한다.

ㄹ.자연범설을 주장하면서 적응의 법칙을 강조하였다.

ㅁ.범죄예방의 가장 좋은 방법의 하나는 잔혹한 형의 집행보다 확실하고 예외없는 처벌이다.

ㅂ.사형집행으로 죽는 죄수보다 감옥 내 질병으로 죽는 죄수가 많다는 것은 곤란한 일이다.

ㅅ.근대범죄학의 아버지로 불리며 생래적 범죄인설을 주장하였다.

ㅇ.잔혹한 누범자에 대하여 사형을 인정하였다.